For this reason, the US Army believed that the M4 would be adequate to win the war, and relatively little pressure was initially exerted for further tank development. When the M4 tank went into combat in North Africa with the British Army at the Second Battle of El Alamein in late 1942, it increased the advantage of Allied armor over Axis armor and was superior to the lighter German and Italian tank designs. The M4 was the most-produced tank in American history, with 49,324 produced (including variants) During World War II, the Sherman spearheaded many offensives by the Allies after 1942. These factors, combined with Sherman's then-superior armor and armament, outclassed German light and medium tanks fielded in 1939–42. The designers stressed reliability, ease of production and maintenance, durability, standardization of parts and ammunition in a limited number of variants, and moderate size and weight (to facilitate shipping and for compatibility with existing bridging equipment size and weight limit restrictions. One feature, a one-axis gyrostabilizer, was not precise enough to allow firing when moving but did help keep the gun aimed in roughly the right direction for when the tank stopped to fire. The M4 retained much of the previous mechanical design, but moved the main 75 mm gun into a fully traversing central turret. The M4 Sherman evolved from the M3 Medium Tank, which – for speed of development – had its main armament in a side sponson mount. The tank was named by the British after the American Civil War General William Tecumseh Sherman. Tens of thousands were distributed through the Lend-Lease program to the British Commonwealth and Soviet Union. It was also the basis of several other armored fighting vehicles including self-propelled artillery, tank destroyers, and armored recovery vehicles. The M4 Sherman proved to be reliable, relatively cheap to produce, and available in great numbers. The M4 Sherman, officially Medium Tank, M4, was the most widely used medium tank by the United States and Western Allies in World War II. Vertical volute spring suspension (VVSS) or horizontal volute spring suspension (HVSS)ġ38–175 US gal (520–660 l 115–146 imp gal) depending upon variant
#Sherman tank battles manual#
Spicer manual synchromesh transmission, 5 forward and 1 reverse gears M4A6 model: Caterpillar D-200A ( Wright RD-1820) 9 cylinder radial diesel engine 450 hp (336 kW) at 2,400 rpm ġ0.46–13.49 hp/ short ton (8.60–11.09 kW/t) depending upon variant M4A4 model: Chrysler A57 multibank ~(30 cylinder) gasoline engine 370 hp (276 kW) at 2,400 rpm M4A3 model: Ford GAA V8 gasoline engine 450 hp (336 kW) at 2,600 rpm M4A2 model: General Motors 6046 twin inline diesel engine 375 hp (280 kW) at 2,100 rpm > 30 caliber Browning M1919A4 machine guns (6,000–6,750 rounds) Ĭontinental R975-C1 or -C4 9 cylinder radial gasoline engine,ģ50 or 400 hp (261 or 298 kW) at 2,400 rpm 50 caliber Browning M2HB machine gun (300–600 rounds),Ģ×.
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